| Abstract No.: | C-G3185 |
| Country: | Canada |
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| Title: | LINKING MOTOR INHIBITORY CONTROL ABILITY TO EVERYDAY HIGH-CALORIC FOOD CONSUMPTION |
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| Authors/Affiliations: | 1 Laurette Dube*; 1 Ji Lu; 2 Antoine Bechara;
1 McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; 2 University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA;
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| Content: | Objectives: Food is an area of motivated adaptive behavior where biological processes and/or over-learned approach responses towards food are likely to play a significant role in individual choice. Thus, from this perspective, in the modern world of plenty, individual differences in motor and attentional inhibitory control ability should be predictive of the likelihood that one¡¯s yield to one¡¯s impulsive approach responses to ubiquitous high caloric food (HCF). Inhibitory control is typically conceived of as a general executive control ability, and measured experimentally with cognitive tasks such as the ¡®go-no go¡¯ paradigm, with different variants of the task allowing the assessment of inhibitory control as a function of the valence of the target (positive-neutral) and in conditions that vary in the intensity of the task challenges (shift vs. non shift conditions). The study was designed to examine the relationship between inhibitory control ability and everyday HCF consumption.
Material and Method: 132 non-obese adult women engaged in a two-phase study: (1) laboratory session, participants performed a go-no go task in a positive-emotion/neutral version. Measures of interest are two signal detection measures calculated from hit and false alarm rates, i.e., discrimination ability (d¡¯), as index of attentional inhibitory control, and decision bias (C) as indicator of the motor tendency to response to any stimulus. For each individual, performance reflected by these two indices was compared in blocks that required inhibiting the responses to positive-emotion stimuli and blocks that required inhibiting the responses to neutral stimuli. Shift and non-shift blocks were also compared to reflect different task difficulty; (2) experience sampling study, in which each participant reported snacking behavior 6 times of day, over 10 days (60 episodes whether they had eaten HCF snacks and/or not). A series of individual difference scores computed to reflect difference in d¡¯ and C served as predictors of HCF snacking behavior in a series of hierarchical generalized linear models. Difference scores were computed between positive and neutral; between shift and non-shift, and difference in shift effects between positive and neutral targets.
Results: Analyses revealed that poorer performance on motor inhibitory control (C) in the more challenging shift condition, compared to non-shift condition, was predictive of more frequent HCF snacking (b = -.85, p < .04). This relationship remained significant after controlling for individual-level (age, BMI, restraint eating) and episode-level (eating place, day of the week, hunger) factors. Even though mean differences between blocks as a function of their valence and shifting conditions were found for attentional inhibitory control and were consistent with prior research, these were not significantly predictive of HCF snacking behavior.
Conclusion: Results suggest that performance on cognitive tasks that capture the micro-behavior correlates of executive control ability can help recognize individuals who present more neurocognitive vulnerability to food cues in the environment and therefore may be more susceptible to overweight and obesity.
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